Add date and time extract sugar functions to MLv2 (#30467)

Fixes #29909.

src/metabase/lib/schema/expression/temporal.cljc

@@ -35,6 +35,12 @@
   #_:datetime2 [:schema [:ref ::expression/temporal]]
   #_:unit [:ref ::temporal-bucketing/unit.date-time.truncate])
 
+(doseq [temporal-extract-op #{:get-second :get-minute :get-hour
+                              :get-day :get-day-of-week
+                              :get-month :get-quarter :get-year}]
+  (mbql-clause/define-tuple-mbql-clause temporal-extract-op :- :type/Integer
+  #_:datetime [:schema [:ref ::expression/temporal]]))
+
 (mbql-clause/define-tuple-mbql-clause :get-week :- :type/Integer
   #_:datetime [:schema [:ref ::expression/temporal]]
   ;; TODO should this be in the options map?

test/metabase/query_processor_test/test_mlv2.clj

@@ -41,10 +41,6 @@
      (mbql.u/match-one joins
        {:fields (join-fields :guard (partial not= :none))}
        "#29904"))
-   ;; #29909: these clauses are not implemented yet.
-   (mbql.u/match-one legacy-query
-     #{:get-year :get-quarter :get-month :get-day :get-day-of-week :get-hour :get-minute :get-second}
-     "#29909")
    ;; #29938: conversion for `:case` with default value does not work correctly
    (mbql.u/match-one legacy-query
      :case