* sort expression functions by use case

* custom expression edits

* formatting cleanup

* fix link

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Jeff Bruemmer <jeff.bruemmer@gmail.com>

* address comments

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Co-authored-by: Jeff Bruemmer <jeff.bruemmer@gmail.com>

added an example of rounding with a decimal place

* Improves consistency of substring in MBQL

Standard SQL SUBSTRING() uses a 1-based start index, with various drivers
handling a 0 start index in different ways. To make the behavior of substring
consistent across drivers, we will always convert a 0 start index in MBQL
to a 1 in SQL. The ->honeysql implementation of substring has been generalized
and drivers can now override just the name of the substring function, or the
entire expression if necessary. SQL Server now calls the parent implementation.

Resolves #12445

* Fixes substring from 0 in Mongo

* Adds arg to substring parent call

* Fix docs and helper text for substring()

* Adds schema to require positive integer index for substring

* WIP, adds frontend validation for substring index arg

* Adds frontend test for substring arg validation

* Updates substring test to expect exception on index 0

* Update src/metabase/driver/sql/query_processor.clj

Co-authored-by: metamben <103100869+metamben@users.noreply.github.com>

* Use s/if instead of s/conditional

* Fix substring call in mysql substring spec

* Reverts driver and sql.qp changes for substring index

* Reverts changes to dispatch-by-clause-name-or-class

* Fixes typeinferencer test substring index

* Adds test for canonicalizing substring

* Fixes substring canonicalization with extra args

* Updates string extracts test to account for substring canonicalization

* Rewrites resolver validation application

* Adds test case for frontend expression validation errors

* Fixes frontend compiler spec for new substring validation

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Co-authored-by: metamben <103100869+metamben@users.noreply.github.com>

* Fix mongo version checking for now

* Add minor versions for comparison

* Handle nil case

* newline

* Replace _

* Use dbms-version semantic-version instead

* Compare only the major and minor version

* Fix mongo database-supports?

* Fix duplicate require

* Fix typo

* Remove expressions from version check

* Fix various mongo expressions

`trim`, `rtrim`, `ltrim` needed to be wrapped in `{"input" expr}` object
`replace` needed to be wrapped in `{"input" expr "find" ...
"replacement" ...}' object
`substring` needed to fill in the 3rd argument, optional in mbql but
required in mongo. Also to use a 1 based index

* Generalize semantic-version-gte

* Used synced dbms_version for testing feature support

* Expressions are only supported by mongo 4.2+

* Disable some tests

* Fix mongo division

Handle nulls with an upfront condition check.
Handle multiple divisors.

* Remove unused namespace

* Throw exeception if using replace on mongo < 4.4

* Skip test because of #27249

* Move minimum Mongo CI version to 4.2

* Fix sorting by expressions

$sort needs to come before $project otherwise we can only see the
projected fields, however expressions are only added in $project.

So now if a sort includes an expression, we will use $addFields to be
able to sort by that expression.

* Disable tests for expressions inside aggregations

To be addressed by #27275

* Handle aggregation nested in an expression

* Remove :truncation-start workaround

* Enable tests for expressions inside aggregations

* Fix datetime-math-tests

* Make sure dbms_version is included when fetching database for store

* Update doc for replace to indicate it should replace all occurrences

* Fix order-by-test

* Handle embedded special aggregations (#27315)

* Handle embedded special aggregations
* Preserve aggregation options for nested aggregations
* Use top-level aggregation name as group name

* Disable nil punning on semantic version check (#27317)

* Optimize produced query for division when dividing by literals

* Rename var

* Use reduce to build division

* Fix reduction

* Clean up formatting and document some details

Co-authored-by: Callum Herries <hi@callumherries.com>
Co-authored-by: Tamás Benkő <tamas@metabase.com>
Co-authored-by: metamben <103100869+metamben@users.noreply.github.com>

* Fix formatting for datetime function docs

* Undo datetimeAdd and datetimeSubtract

* add week function

* Update docs/questions/query-builder/expressions-list.md

Co-authored-by: Natalie <nat@metabase.com>

* update copy

* formatting

Co-authored-by: Natalie <nat@metabase.com>

* rename dateAdd to datetimeAdd and dateSubtract to datetimeSubtrac